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Revamping hydrogen and sulphur plants to meet future challenges
Oct-2009
Revamp opportunities for hydrogen and sulphur plant operations in the era of clean fuels production offer significant benefits for refiners
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Application of CFD in NOx reduction
Oct-2009
A study of parameters affecting NOx formation in an ageing boiler unit confirmed the measures needed to meet emissions targets
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Wet scrubbing for fccus: a case study examining site specific design considerations
Mar-2001
Wet scrubbing is a well-proven and reliable method of reducing flue gas emissions from Fluid Catalytic Cracking Units (FCCUs).
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Optimising hydrogen sulphide scavenging
Jan-2014
Selecting the right hydrogen sulphide scavenger is important, but appropriate treatment setup and tailored monitoring procedures are key to avoiding o ...
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Labsorb: a regenerable wet scrubbing process for controlling SO2 emissions
Jan-2001
The use of a regenerative type scrubbing system that utilises commonly available chemicals is an important evolutionary step in the continuing process ...
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May-2008
The Shell Claus Offgas Treating (SCOT) process has been developed to remove sulphur compounds from Claus tail gas to comply with even more stringent emission ...
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SO2 emission control for resid combustion
Apr-2011
Regenerable and non-regenerable SO2 scrubbing systems for high-sulphur residuum combustion are compared
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FCC additive cuts delta coke (TIA)
May-2017
In the majority of cases, the most profitable fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) units are the ones that are operated consistently against one or more operational ...
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Turquoise hydrogen production by methane pyrolysis
Jan-2022
Technologies for methane pyrolysis are at different levels of maturity up to early-stage commercial operations.
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Retrofitting crude furnace burners
Jan-2018
A burner retrofit has delivered more robust operation with reduced NOx emissions from a crude process furnace
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Combating the threat of mercury
Mar-2012
Emerging legally binding action on mercury emissions highlights the importance of monitoring and quantifying emissions from gas operations
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Emission challenges in partial burn FCC operation (TIA)
Oct-2016
Partial burn regenerator operation offers the possibility to process lower cost crudes. This makes partial burn operation very competitive for conversion ...
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Flame interaction and rollover solutions in ethylene cracking furnaces
Apr-2013
During plant expansion or construction of new facilities for olefins plant, it is important to keep in mind the interactions of flame, fuel and lower ...
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Emissions monitoring and detection in the hydrocarbon industry
Feb-2010
Requirements for reducing air pollution emissions have been evolving over the past couple of decades and today are an intricate mix of limits, targets ...
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IMO 2020 - Maritime CEMS and refinery changes
May-2020
For several years, the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) has stipulated low levels of sulphur emissions close to densely populated coastal areas, ...
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Apr-2017
Mercury has been elevated to the status of a pollutant of global concern owing to some of its unique toxic properties which pose environmental and health ...
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Improved SOx reduction in partial burn FCC
Nov-2021
Refinery applications of a new additive demonstrate improved SOx reduction performance in partial burn FCC operation
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Economic alternative for remote and stranded natural gas and ethane in the US
Aug-2014
The recent abundance of natural gas in widespread locations of the US has resulted in many resources being remote or stranded, creating the need for economical ...
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Optimise the route to emissions compliance
Aug-2017
Increasingly stringent SO2 emission regulations may demand smart and 
cost-effective alternatives to generic amine based tail gas treating units ...
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Refinery CO2 challenges: part II
Apr-2006
CO2 emissions and hydrogen production costs in hydrogen plants. Understanding how the impact of unit configuration, operating conditions, feed type, fuel ...
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Waste recycling: an opportunity for refiners?
Aug-2020
The Circular Economy has been established as the number one priority in the European Green Deal and innovative recycling technologies are helping refiners ...
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Preventing environmental excursions on the FCC unit
Jul-2011
Guidelines to enable the FCC engineer to identify and eliminate the root cause of unexpected flue gas emissions
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LoTOx technology demonstration at Marathon Ashland Petroleum LLC’s Refinery In Texas City
Mar-2004
Marathon Ashland Petroleum LLC’s (MAP) Texas City, Texas, Refinery conducted a review of several options to reduce nitrogen oxides (NOx) from its Fluid ...
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A step-by-step approach to 
managing emissions
Oct-2010
A comprehensive review of combustion systems and controls underpins a strategy for emissions reduction
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Engineering a better flaring solution in the Middle East
May-2014
It is not uncommon for new operational regulations and initiatives to present a serious challenge to the preferred practices of the hydrocarbon indust ...
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Capture and convert - handling mercaptans in hydrocarbon streams
Dec-2008
With the development of increasingly difficult hydrocarbon streams, mercaptans emerge as a major nuisance. The removal and conversion of mercaptans is ...
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Jan-2013
Revamping a VDU’s vacuum system delivered operational improvements in a refinery, but also led to safer and more efficient handling of non-condensed ...
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What makes speciality gases so special?
Sep-2013
The complexities that go into the manufacture and handling of specialty 
gases for the petrochemical sector, which differentiate them from other ...
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FCC additive cuts delta coke (TIA)
May-2017
In the majority of cases, the most profitable fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) units are the ones that are operated consistently against one or more operational ...
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Turquoise hydrogen production by methane pyrolysis
Jan-2022
Technologies for methane pyrolysis are at different levels of maturity up to early-stage commercial operations.
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Combating the threat of mercury
Mar-2012
Emerging legally binding action on mercury emissions highlights the importance of monitoring and quantifying emissions from gas operations
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Towards a zero (net) carbon refinery
Jan-2013
Review of options for refiners to reduce the carbon emissions from their refineries. The technologies already exist to develop a refinery that has zero ...
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SOx additives for tight oils (TIA)
Oct-2015
Many refineries use SOx additives to control flue gas SOx emissions. Worldwide there are vast differences in limits for SOx emissions.
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VOC recovery in crude oil loading
Oct-2016
Facilities to reduce VOC emissions during loading are providing major environmental benefits driven by emissions standards and legislation.
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Progress in tail gas treatment (TIA)
Oct-2016
The requirement to meet ultra-low SO2 emission standards, even lower than World Bank limits, is becoming more and more prevalent for new natural gas developments ...
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Apr-2017
Mercury has been elevated to the status of a pollutant of global concern owing to some of its unique toxic properties which pose environmental and health ...
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Reduce the carbon footprint of tail gas treating with reactivated catalysts
May-2023
Times have changed since catalytic processes were established.
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Combining Prime-G+® and GT-BTX PluS™ to upgrade a refinery with crucial operating flexibility (TiA)
Feb-2024
The landscape of the petroleum refining industry has undergone a significant transformation in the aftermath of the global pandemic.
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Computational fluid dynamic modelling of refinery combustion processes
Jul-2009
Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) modelling has been widely used for a relatively short period in the refining and petrochemical industries for modelling ...
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Best practices for installation of 
safety valves
Mar-2013
One of the most critical automatic safety devices in a steam system is the safety valve. The safety valve provides a protective measure for lives, equipment ...
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Key considerations for design and operation of a renewable diesel unit
Nov-2021
Design of the process configuration and operation of the unit are fundamental aspects in the production of renewable diesel. dstocks include vegetable ...
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Fifty years of CCR platforming
Jan-2021
Professionals in the oil and gas industry today may not remember when gasoline was sold in multiple grades that included fuels containing tetraethyl l ...
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Controlling FCCU emissions: 
EDV Wet Scrubbing
Oct-1999
For many refiners, the FCCU (Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit) represents the single largest air emission source of particulate and SOx emissions in their ...
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The design temperature of flare systems
Apr-2017
A key objective when setting flare system design conditions is to maintain the integrity of the system during fire relief
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Building blocks to zero emissions (ERTC)
Dec-2021
Welcome to the 2021 ERTC and to the city of Madrid. Reviewing the agenda over the next two days, it is clear that European refiners together with the technology ...
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Optimising hydrogen sulphide scavenging
Jan-2014
Selecting the right hydrogen sulphide scavenger is important, but appropriate treatment setup and tailored monitoring procedures are key to avoiding o ...
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Higher margin from the bottom of the barrel
Jul-2017
Treating slurry oil in an electrostatic precipitator helps refiners increase production and profits and reduce environmental impact when processing heavier ...
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Retrofitting crude furnace burners
Jan-2018
A burner retrofit has delivered more robust operation with reduced NOx emissions from a crude process furnace
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FCC additive demonstrations Part 2
Oct-2004
An overview of additive technology for reducing SOx and NOx emissions, and a review of CO combustion promoter technology and performance at a refiner ...
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A few sweet tricks for sour gas
May-2014
Large volumes of acid gas (H2S and SO2-rich gas) are generated from various technologies used to sweeten sour off-gases, or acid gas.
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The journey to sustained profitability
Nov-2020
The refining industry is critical to the world economy, providing essential energy and materials required for global development.
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The hazards of fired heater flooding
Nov-2020
Heater flooding is a serious and potentially dangerous condition which must be dealt with properly and quickly.
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2030 isn’t long off — the future of advanced biofuels (ERTC)
Nov-2020
The use of biofuels is increasing industry-wide due to legislation incentives aimed at producing low greenhouse gas-emitting transport fuels. Feedstock ...
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Nov-2020
The energy transition is all about supplying the world’s growing needs for energy and mobility in a more sustainable way.
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Profitably complying with red ii: A q&a with shell biofuel technology specialists (ERTC)
Nov-2020
Though it may be tempting to see the EU’s revised renewable energy directive (RED II) as simply another legislative burden, this conversation with Shell ...
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Energy transition: solving a global problem requires a holistic pursuit (ERTC)
Nov-2020
The Covid-19 pandemic has sparked a renewed focus on planning for sustainability and achieving the goals of the Paris Climate Agreement (PCA).
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Adding value with catalyst testing — supporting refineries in challenging times (ERTC)
Nov-2020
The refining industry is under enormous pressure to adapt to the global changes led by measures against climate change.
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Rare earths weaponised: the impact on FCC units from an escalation in global trade tensions (ERTC)
Nov-2020
Most refiners with FCC units do not need to be reminded of the chaos and financial pain resulting from the monumental 30-fold increase in rare earth metal ...
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Capturing carbon dioxide from refinery streams
Aug-2020
Using hydrogen manufacturing units to demonstrate the relative benefits of technologies for capturing carbon from low and high pressure streams.
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Waste recycling: an opportunity for refiners?
Aug-2020
The Circular Economy has been established as the number one priority in the European Green Deal and innovative recycling technologies are helping refiners ...
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Decarbonisation, electrification and the case for modern electric process heaters
Jul-2020
Companies in liquified natural gas (LNG) and other industries have been taking bold steps to reduce their carbon footprint.
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In-situ refinery and storage terminal environmental remediation
Jun-2020
In the 1960’s there were five refineries built close to Ingolstadt. The location was central to the major refined products markets in Bavaria. The TAL ...
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CCS from refinery emissions: CO2 purity must be analysed and controlled
Jun-2020
One of the most promising measures to decarbonise refinery operations is carbon capture and storage (CCS) from existing combustion processes, such as process ...
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IMO 2020 - Maritime CEMS and refinery changes
May-2020
For several years, the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) has stipulated low levels of sulphur emissions close to densely populated coastal areas, ...
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Environmental monitoring and management in the downstream oil and gas sector
Apr-2020
Keeping it clean, keeping it green. Ground water, rain water run-off and effluent. Contaminated soil replacement in spillage areas, excavated soil disposal ...
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Refinery protection with gas detection
Apr-2020
Based on several recent M&A transaction valuations it is fair to say that the price tag of a medium-sized, medium-complexity refinery in Europe is in the ...
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The business case for digitalisation in the refining sector
Apr-2020
When we use the word ‘digitalisation’ what do we really mean? Computers have been used for process control since Fortran 77 was developed in the late ...
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Preparing for the energy transition
Feb-2020
The industrial energy transition is characterised by fast-moving changes, technological developments, and a high degree of uncertainty.
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SMR integration with increased CO2 production
Feb-2020
Optimising the efficiency of a plant producing hydrogen by natural gas reforming reduces CO2 emissions and lowers fossil fuel consumption.
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EnviroSOx enables full FCC operation through turnaround
Dec-2019
Applying BASF’s EnviroSOx additive, the PKN ORLEN PÅ‚ock refinery was able to maintain FCC flue gas SOx emissions below 800 mg/Nm3 (@ 3 vol% O2) during ...
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Retrofitting selective catalytic NOx reduction for gas turbines
Dec-2019
Selective catalytic reduction is an effective alternative to combustion management technologies to achieve NOx compliance with existing and new gas tu ...
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NOx control additives continue to reduce emissions (TIA)
Aug-2019
Johnson Matthey’s (JM) NoNOx technology, in conjunction with a non-platinum CO promoter like JM’s COP-NP, can reduce NOx emissions below increasingly ...
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Jul-2019
The availability of devices capable of creating an image of the infrared radiation emitted by an item of process equipment such as the CO2 absorber in ...
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Reducing NOx emissions from an FCC unit (TIA)
Aug-2018
Refinery processes account for a considerable share of the overall emissions of air pollutants in Europe. The Industrial Emissions Directive (IED) is the ...
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Using infrared monitors to achieve auxiliary flare pilot monitoring (TIA)
Jul-2018
Infrared flare pilot monitoring as a primary or secondary monitoring solution provides a pilot status signal when thermocouple failures occur and assures ...