ARTICLES
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Tube and pipe fitting considerations for reliable, leak-tight process lines
Mar-2008
Unreliable process lines create excessive costs for industry in the form of higher operating expenditures, increased downtime and potentially negative ...
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Strategies for improved naphtha processing
Oct-2013
To take advantage of dilbit from Alberta and light oils from shale formations, refiners must develop a strategy for processing additional naphthas and ...
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Designing for sulphur removal and storage: part II
Jul-2010
Selection of technologies for the sulphur block must serve legislative demands and the efficient operation of upstream processes
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Advances in residue upgrading technology
Apr-2002
A combination of mature technology and innovative catalyst design and process improvements provide the flexibility to upgrade heavier feeds
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Mar-2007
In amine sweetening units, the heat of absorption and VOC and BTEX solubility have been found to vary significantly with acid gas loading, as well as with ...
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Online cleaning of an integrated distillation unit
Oct-2013
Online cleaning technology was validated during a scheduled turnaround at the second largest refinery in Poland.
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Improved performance from reforming
Oct-2011
Process and equipment solutions help to improve the profitability and reliability of reforming units
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Jan-2006
Staged investment and reformer technology improvement strategies are available for increasing hydrogen production, cycle time and reliability
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Best practices for installation of 
safety valves
Mar-2013
One of the most critical automatic safety devices in a steam system is the safety valve. The safety valve provides a protective measure for lives, equipment ...
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Hydroprocessing to maximise refinery profitability
Oct-2012
Low-cost changes in catalyst systems can significantly enhance operational flexibility and increase returns on investment
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Advanced recycle paraffin isomerisation technology
Apr-2001
An examination of how combining chlorinated catalyst, molecular sieves and well designed process configurations can maximise the value of C5/C6 strea ...
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How to select best meg recovery unit’s configuration?
Sep-2014
The formation of hydrates in deep sea natural gas tie-back lines had been traditionally inhibited by injecting Triethylene Glycol (TEG) or Methanol at ...
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Retrofitting a glycol contactor to 
prevent carryover
Oct-2013
A revamp of glycol contactor column internals, following CFD studies, resolved problems with gas production caused by glycol carryover
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An evaluation of general “rules of thumb” in amine sweetening unit design and operation
Mar-2010
Many “rules of thumb” are widely used in the design and operation of amine sweetening units. These rules have been developed over the years and most ...
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Revamp of Slovnaft’s hydrocracking unit
Oct-2012
A revamp to maximise middle distillate production and increase unit reliability and safety.The KHK hydrocracking unit at the Slovnaft refinery in Slovakia ...
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Low temperature SCOT Catalyst 
pays off
Dec-2004
Jacobs Nederland B.V. demonstrates how new improvements in low temperature catalysts have boosted the Shell Claus Offgas treating (SCOT) process
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Revamping conceptual process design
Jan-2002
With the desirability of getting the maximum use out of existing equipment when revamps are planned a rigorous approach to CPD is required to avoid scope ...
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Platformer debutaniser revamp and optimisation
Oct-2012
Recommendations following a study of high reformate RVP delivered a range of benefits including a significant increase in gasoline production
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How to read a regulator flow curve
Sep-2011
The best way to select a regulator for your application is to examine its flow curve, which is often provided by the manufacturer. “Flow curve” is ...
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Comparison of ideal stage and mass transfer models for separation processes
Apr-2012
The design and optimisation of separation processes is carried out using process simulators that utilise various calculation approaches. Two techniques ...
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Revamp of a reciprocating 
compressor unit
Jul-2015
A step-by-step guide to the revamp of a reciprocating compressor unit to meet increased hydrogen throughput
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Industrial design and optimisation of CO2 capture, dehydration and compression facilities
Mar-2009
On an industrial-scale process, a comprehensive engineering design and optimisation study was conducted for CO2 capture, dehydration and compression facilities ...
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Fired capital equipment: key plant components
Oct-2015
Fired capital equipment is an often neglected asset associated with 
plant operations. The global petrochemical and refining industries remain volatile ...
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Improved reactor internals for HGO hydrotreaters
Oct-2000
Reactor internals of a plant’s heavy gasoil hydroprocessing units, which became inadequate for the operations they were originally designed for, have ...
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Analysis and prediction of hydrocarbon dew points and liquids in gas transmission lines
Mar-2006
The occurrence of liquid hydrocarbons in natural gas transmission lines has increased in recent years as a result of the shrinking price spread between ...
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Dec-2022
A project management team was tasked with speeding up the installation of a large number of high-return opportunities by altering their current work p ...
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Revamp of Slovnaft’s hydrocracking unit
Oct-2012
A revamp to maximise middle distillate production and increase unit reliability and safety.The KHK hydrocracking unit at the Slovnaft refinery in Slovakia ...
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Best practices for installation of 
safety valves
Mar-2013
One of the most critical automatic safety devices in a steam system is the safety valve. The safety valve provides a protective measure for lives, equipment ...
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FCC product fractionation for maximum LCO
Jul-2017
For increased production of diesel over gasoline, maximising recovery of LCO from the FCC reactor can be part of the scheme
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Conversion of syngas to diesel
Apr-2008
An overview of Fischer-Tropsch technologies for the production of diesel from syngas using a variety of feedstocks
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Capture and convert - handling mercaptans in hydrocarbon streams
Dec-2008
With the development of increasingly difficult hydrocarbon streams, mercaptans emerge as a major nuisance. The removal and conversion of mercaptans is ...
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Practical flare gas recovery for minimising flaring
Apr-2015
Flares play a critical role as a safety device in refineries, and in most oil and gas producing or processing facilities.
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Alternative routes to paraxylene production
Apr-2004
An integrated refining and petrochemical approach to paraxylene manufacture from various feedstocks, such as excess aromatics in reformate or pyrolysis ...
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Dec-2009
An integrator saves time and expense with new ball valves and end connections for pressures up to 15 000 psig.
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Practical hydrocarbon dew point specification for natural gas transmission lines
Mar-2011
Hydrocarbon liquid dropout can cause a number of problems in gas transmission lines, including increased pressure drop, reduced line capacity and equipment ...
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Hydroprocessing to maximise refinery profitability
Oct-2012
Low-cost changes in catalyst systems can significantly enhance operational flexibility and increase returns on investment
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Revamp of a reciprocating 
compressor unit
Jul-2015
A step-by-step guide to the revamp of a reciprocating compressor unit to meet increased hydrogen throughput
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Modular construction for harsh climates
Apr-2015
Severe Arctic conditions were overcome by the construction of small scale gas processing units in prefabricated modules.
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Residue desulphurisation and conversion
Apr-2006
The current market forces that presage a boom in resid hydrotreatment are examined along with recently reported progress in technology
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Claus sulphur recovery options
Apr-1997
This article examines some Claus modifications which can alleviate operational difficulties and improve overall sulphur recovery
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Low temperature SCOT Catalyst 
pays off
Dec-2004
Jacobs Nederland B.V. demonstrates how new improvements in low temperature catalysts have boosted the Shell Claus Offgas treating (SCOT) process
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Paraffins isomerisation options
Apr-2005
Isomerisation technologies are available, from once-through and deisohexaniser recycle processes to recycle schemes involving molecular separation pro ...
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Optimal tonnage industrial gas plants
Oct-2011
Detailed examination of industrial gas needs is required to develop the most cost-effective industrial gas plant configuration
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Platformer debutaniser revamp and optimisation
Oct-2012
Recommendations following a study of high reformate RVP delivered a range of benefits including a significant increase in gasoline production
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Oct-2012
Bringing the structures of existing refineries into the digital information age transforms the processes of upgrading and operating
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Strategies for improved naphtha processing
Oct-2013
To take advantage of dilbit from Alberta and light oils from shale formations, refiners must develop a strategy for processing additional naphthas and ...
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May-2008
The Shell Claus Offgas Treating (SCOT) process has been developed to remove sulphur compounds from Claus tail gas to comply with even more stringent emission ...
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Apr-2009
Major opportunities for energy efficiency and reduction of GHG emissions within a refinery/petrochemical complex are identified. Work process methodology ...
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Beating pressure drop with a trash baskets redesign
Jan-2001
Unscheduled turnarounds of hydrotreaters can be expensive in terms of catalyst and manpower costs, as well as the value of lost production
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Jan-2006
Staged investment and reformer technology improvement strategies are available for increasing hydrogen production, cycle time and reliability
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How to select best meg recovery unit’s configuration?
Sep-2014
The formation of hydrates in deep sea natural gas tie-back lines had been traditionally inhibited by injecting Triethylene Glycol (TEG) or Methanol at ...
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Risks of accumulated sulphur in sulphur recovery units
Apr-2014
While recovering sulphur in an SRU depends on condensation of sulphur, its unintended condensation and accumulation can present problems.
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Apr-2014
Reliability is a buzz word used a lot these days. You hear it a lot and it means different things to different people based on their job description.
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Coordinating a complex automation project
Apr-2014
Installing an integrated control system in support of a major refinery upgrade meant coordinating the work of multiple EPC contractors
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Accurate front-end scope definition: the key to a successful revamp project
Mar-2014
One of the characteristics of a mature industry such as petroleum refining, particularly in the U.S., is that many capital projects are facility revam ...
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Mitigating corrosion in sweet gas units: a comparison between laboratory data and field survey
Feb-2014
An extensive review of acid gas removal units covering 5 decades and more than 120 amine units showed that units treating sweet gases (i.e. with CO2 only) ...
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There are more roads that lead to Rome. Which is the best route for you?
Dec-2013
In our modern society the need for energy is still increasing in a rapid pace, with expectations that hydrocarbon fuels production will have to almost ...
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Oct-2013
Efficient project workflow in a revamp can be achieved using 3D design technology that integrates with laser scan and engineering data sources
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Strategies for improved naphtha processing
Oct-2013
To take advantage of dilbit from Alberta and light oils from shale formations, refiners must develop a strategy for processing additional naphthas and ...
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Reactor effluent air cooler safety 
through design
Oct-2013
Quality-controlled replacement of carbon steel with Duplex 2205 for revamps can increase the service life and reliability of the REAC in the high-pressure ...
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Improving the distillation energy network
Oct-2013
Energy-efficient design applied to the refit of a distillation unit was achieved through optimisation between the distillation column and heat network ...
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Retrofitting a glycol contactor to 
prevent carryover
Oct-2013
A revamp of glycol contactor column internals, following CFD studies, resolved problems with gas production caused by glycol carryover
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Online cleaning of an integrated distillation unit
Oct-2013
Online cleaning technology was validated during a scheduled turnaround at the second largest refinery in Poland.
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Refining/petrochemical integration: a new paradigm
Sep-2013
The global trend in motor fuel consumption favours diesel over gasoline. There is a simultaneous increase in demand for various petrochemicals such as ...
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Advances in engineering and design technologies
Jul-2013
3D technology is moving out of the design office to transform the entire 
asset lifecycle
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Apr-2013
To save project costs, the distillation towers for a new refinery were designed to meet process design objectives using best available technology
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Best practices for installation of 
safety valves
Mar-2013
One of the most critical automatic safety devices in a steam system is the safety valve. The safety valve provides a protective measure for lives, equipment ...
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Choose the right hose: a practical guide to hose selection
Mar-2013
The right hose keeps your process performing safely and cost effectively. The wrong hose could undermine your process, put personnel at risk and compromise ...
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Oct-2012
Bringing the structures of existing refineries into the digital information age transforms the processes of upgrading and operating
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Oct-2012
Serbia’s petroleum refinery describes its plans for a continuing programme of plant revamps and updates
-
Platformer debutaniser revamp and optimisation
Oct-2012
Recommendations following a study of high reformate RVP delivered a range of benefits including a significant increase in gasoline production
-
Hydroprocessing to maximise refinery profitability
Oct-2012
Low-cost changes in catalyst systems can significantly enhance operational flexibility and increase returns on investment
-
Revamp of Slovnaft’s hydrocracking unit
Oct-2012
A revamp to maximise middle distillate production and increase unit reliability and safety.The KHK hydrocracking unit at the Slovnaft refinery in Slovakia ...
-
Comparison of ideal stage and mass transfer models for separation processes
Apr-2012
The design and optimisation of separation processes is carried out using process simulators that utilise various calculation approaches. Two techniques ...
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Apr-2012
Operators of process equipment have an obligation to understand the existing and future potential for unit reliability and operability.
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