ARTICLES
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Valuable liquids from refinery gases
Oct-2012
With appropriate treatment schemes, refinery off-gases can be valuable sources of olefins and hydrogen
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Minimise amine losses in gas and liquid treating
Jun-2018
Even with incomplete information, a systematic approach can be used to identify the source of amine losses and the action needed to reduce them.
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Enhanced sulphur recovery from lean acid gases containing COS and mercaptans
Apr-2010
Claus configurations are available for more effective sulphur recovery from lean acid gas containing significant concentrations of organic sulphur com ...
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LO-CAT: a flexible hydrogen sulphide removal process
Feb-2015
The hydrocarbon engineering industry faces tighter restrictions for hydrogen sulphide (H2S) emissions and expanding requirements for sulphur recovery. ...
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Tray hydraulic operating regimes and selectivity
Apr-2010
Tray hydraulics is discussed in terms of froth and spray operating regimes, and possible impacts on selectivity are pointed out by reference to performance ...
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Cracking hydrocarbon feedstock with a heavy tail
Mar-2013
The introduction of a vapour/liquid separation step allows for the efficient removal of a heavy tail from the furnace convection section
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Importance of heat maintenance in sulphur recovery units
Mar-2016
While sulphur recovery in an SRU depends on the condensation and removal of elemental sulphur, its unintended condensation and accumulation can present ...
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Apr-2011
Microchannel reactor technology is on trial for the small-scale production of liquids from stranded gas
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Chemical analysis in amine system operations
Jul-2013
The array of contaminants that can disrupt the operation of alkanolamine systems needs to be precisely characterised and analysed
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Handling mercury in gas processing plants
May-2017
Advances in the safe treatment and disposal of mercury in gaseous and liquid streams.
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Capture and convert - handling mercaptans in hydrocarbon streams
Dec-2008
With the development of increasingly difficult hydrocarbon streams, mercaptans emerge as a major nuisance. The removal and conversion of mercaptans is ...
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Novel processing ideas for a condensate refinery
Apr-2016
Synergised unit flow schemes for a condensate refinery aim for high value refined products.
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Developments in H2S scavenging
Jun-2018
Advances in the application of triazine scavengers have significantly improved process efficiencies.
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Mercaptans removal from gases by absorption into amines and caustic
Mar-2014
A mass transfer rate-based model of the absorption process is used to discuss quantitatively the ease and extent of removal of methyl through n-butyl mercaptans ...
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Risks of accumulated sulphur in sulphur recovery units
Apr-2014
While recovering sulphur in an SRU depends on condensation of sulphur, its unintended condensation and accumulation can present problems.
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A promoter for selective H2S removal: part I
Apr-2011
A new MDEA promoter achieves very low H2S lean loadings and the option for flexible design of acid gas enrichment units by varying absorber heights
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Modelling to optimise natural gas dehydration
Apr-2009
Computer modelling can help processors to understand the severity of conditions in molecular sieves used for the dehydration of natural gas
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Distribution of HCN in sour water systems
Apr-2014
Hydrogen cyanide is commonly present in refinery gases. Because of its low volatility and to some extent its acidity, it travels through amine and sour ...
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A new approach to treating shale gases
Apr-2012
Shale gas can be challenging to treat, but mass transfer rate-based simulation and appropriate tower internals can make it no harder to treat than other ...
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Extending the treatment of highly sour gases: cryogenic distillation
Jan-2014
Cryogenic bulk removal of H2S or CO2 offers an economic advantage when the separated acid gases from super sour gas are re-injected
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Continuous removal of contaminants from amine solutions
Oct-2011
A continuous purification system overcomes amine degradation and the formation of corrosion-promoting heat stable amine salts
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Mar-2007
In amine sweetening units, the heat of absorption and VOC and BTEX solubility have been found to vary significantly with acid gas loading, as well as with ...
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Practical flare gas recovery for minimising flaring
Apr-2015
Flares play a critical role as a safety device in refineries, and in most oil and gas producing or processing facilities.
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Analysis method for determining bound and free alkanolamines in HSS contaminated solutions
Jul-1990
A conductometric titration method has been developed to determine the true available alkanolamine in solutions used for H2S and CO2 removal from refinery ...
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Tail gas scrubber sulphur plant by-pass ability aids emergency shutdowns and startups
Nov-2015
From the European Union to the USA, national and international bodies are putting in place increasingly stringent legislation to limit emissions.
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Control of foaming in amine systems
Sep-2007
Amine solutions foam. Solution foaming causes plant upsets. It is the disengagement or break time that differentiates normal, desirable froth from undesirable ...
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Controlling the dew point of natural gas
Jul-2015
Meeting water and hydrocarbon dew point specifications for natural gas without acid gas components
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Making innovative catalysts to trigger a reaction in chemical, gas and refining processes
Aug-2020
When you are creating high-quality petrochemical end products, you must first trigger a reaction.
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Feb-2021
Responses to a question in the Q1 2021 issues Q&A feature
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Steam ring redesign improves FCC bottoms stability
Apr-2022
Installing a newly designed steam ring in a main fractionator stabilised fluctuations in the flash point of FCC bottoms
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Risks of accumulated sulphur in sulphur recovery units
Apr-2014
While recovering sulphur in an SRU depends on condensation of sulphur, its unintended condensation and accumulation can present problems.
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Countering hydrate formation in an NGL recovery unit
May-2018
Process modelling can be used to validate data from the plant and identify the most effective approach to process optimisation.
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Amine plant corrosion reduced by removal of bicine
Jun-2012
Bicine, an amino acid, has been found in numerous amine gas treating systems including tail gas treating units, certain refinery services, and some natural ...
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Mercaptans removal from gases by absorption into amines and caustic
Mar-2014
A mass transfer rate-based model of the absorption process is used to discuss quantitatively the ease and extent of removal of methyl through n-butyl mercaptans ...
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SO2 breakthrough under the microscope
Jun-2017
Plant simulation reveals that any breakthrough of sulphur dioxide will cause havoc in the tail gas treating unit.
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Apr-2013
A careful evaluation of the options for removing mercury from natural gas plant feed and product streams is a prudent exercise
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Acidic and basic contaminants in amine treating
Jun-2014
Sources of heat stable salt (HSS) contaminants in amine treating solutions are discussed and their effect on reaction equilibria in acid gas-amine systems ...
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Feb-2015
Absorbers become lean-end pinched when the solvent’s capacity for acid gas greatly exceeds the acid gas to be removed. Carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulphide ...
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Novel processing ideas for a condensate refinery
Apr-2016
Synergised unit flow schemes for a condensate refinery aim for high value refined products.
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Predicting corrosion rates in amine and sour water systems
May-2014
A chemistry-based predictive model predicts corrosion rates in specific processing conditions. Corrosion is a ubiquitous problem in gas treating in the ...
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Jan-2017
In 2016, global growth should fall to 3.1% before rising back up to 3.4% in 2017 according to IMF’s latest estimations. Long-term perspectives in industrialised ...
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Refinery off-gas in hydrogen production
Apr-2022
An off-gas feed to an SMR unit for hydrogen production is economically and environmentally attractive as long as it is carefully monitored.
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A step change in tail gas treating unit performance at low cost with SCOT ULTRA
May-2017
Two projects helped a TGT unit to improve its operability and lower operating costs while meeting tough emission requirements.
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Claus waste heat boiler economics Part 1: process considerations
Feb-2019
The design of the waste heat boiler has a critical role to play in determining process operations, reliability and economic performance in the sulphur ...
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A promoter for selective H2S removal: part I
Apr-2011
A new MDEA promoter achieves very low H2S lean loadings and the option for flexible design of acid gas enrichment units by varying absorber heights
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LO-CAT: a flexible hydrogen sulphide removal process
Feb-2015
The hydrocarbon engineering industry faces tighter restrictions for hydrogen sulphide (H2S) emissions and expanding requirements for sulphur recovery. ...
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Flexible thinking for capital projects
Jun-2017
Conventional project planning and execution may not be the best approach for gas treating and sulphur recovery installations.
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Oxygen enriched sulphur recovery
Apr-2015
Revamping its SRU to oxygen enriched operation increased a refiner’s sulphur processing capacity and significantly reduced operating costs.
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Jan-2014
HCN has far reaching effects on amine system performance. After hydrocarbon contamination, its presence is one of the primary reasons refinery amine systems ...
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Efficiency factors in natural gas fired steam boilers
Jul-2020
A study to obtain maximum operating efficiency from a set of refinery steam boilers.
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Amine cleaning in gas treating
Jul-2020
Effective amine cleaning requires a three-step filtration system
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Contamination in gas compression: causes, effects, and solutions
Jul-2020
Identifying and quantifying contaminants including solids, dissolved species, and liquids is essential in the design of a more reliable compression sy ...
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Jul-2020
Associated gas can be an important component of future fuel supplies if new gathering pipelines and tighter regulations come into play.
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Gas analysis in petrochemical production
Jun-2020
Accurate gas analysis is critical in the production of PTA. Purified terephthalic acid (PTA) is, together with ethylene glycol, a key component in the ...
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May-2020
What do you do with the gas associated with crude oil production if there is no local processing capacity and no gas gathering network to collect and deliver ...
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Simulation of Claus unit performance
Nov-2019
Simulating a sulphur recovery unit using a fundamental approach enables the effects of process changes on a host of performance metrics to be reliably ...
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Gas analysis in a hot climate (TIA)
Nov-2019
Servomex has developed a customised combustion monitoring solution to meet the specific challenges faced by a global petrochemicals producer.
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Catalyst responds to cold flow challenges (TIA)
Nov-2019
A Greek refiner needed to expand exports of automotive diesel oil beyond the saturated market in Greece.
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Revamping an air separation unit
Nov-2019
Revamp of a high pressure column with structured packing, reducing operating costs and avoiding discharging finished products to atmosphere.
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Laser based analysis for thermal incinerators
Nov-2019
An analyser design based on a tunable diode laser aims for more reliable and cost-effective combustion measurement in sulphur removal operations
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Claus waste heat boiler economics Part 2: mechanical considerations
May-2019
The design of a cost effective waste heat boiler faces many, often opposing factors affecting the performance and reliability of the exchanger.
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Technology selection for a natural gas plant
May-2019
Selecting equipment for a sulphur block requires balancing technical performance and costs, as well as local conditions and regulations.
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How DEA affects CO2 removal by Hot Pot
Apr-2019
In ammonia production, CO2 removal from synthesis gas is an important processing operation.
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Claus waste heat boiler economics Part 1: process considerations
Feb-2019
The design of the waste heat boiler has a critical role to play in determining process operations, reliability and economic performance in the sulphur ...
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Hydrocarbon Processing Gas Analysis Magazine - Issue 4 2019
Jan-2019
Accurate, reliable oxygen (O2) measurements are essential in many HP applications, delivering the readings that support process efficiency, safety and ...
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Feed conditioning technologies for gas processing plants
Jan-2019
Recent contactor developments remove soluble gas phase contaminants from the feed gas stream.
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Efficient membrane systems for natural gas dehydration
Sep-2018
Applications of membrane technology for reducing water content in natural gas to meet pipeline specifications.
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Hydrocarbon Processing Gas Analysis Magazine - Issue 3 2018
Jul-2018
Hydrocarbon processing (HP) is one of the most demanding industries in the world. To support customers in facing the challenges of this market, Servomex ...
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Minimise amine losses in gas and liquid treating
Jun-2018
Even with incomplete information, a systematic approach can be used to identify the source of amine losses and the action needed to reduce them.
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Modelling ethane absorption in MEA solution
Jun-2018
Solving foaming problems related to absorption of hydrocarbon and feed contaminants by amine solution.
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Developments in H2S scavenging
Jun-2018
Advances in the application of triazine scavengers have significantly improved process efficiencies.
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Jun-2018
The natural gas industry has some way to go to make its full contribution to climate change targets.
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Accuracy of measured lean amine H2S loading
May-2018
When solvent regeneration is done robustly the most accurate assessment of lean loadings can be by simulation rather than by measurement.
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Countering hydrate formation in an NGL recovery unit
May-2018
Process modelling can be used to validate data from the plant and identify the most effective approach to process optimisation.
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