Importance of heat maintenance in sulphur recovery units

Mar-2016

While sulphur recovery in an SRU depends on the condensation and removal of elemental sulphur, its unintended condensation and accumulation can present ...

Efficiency factors in natural gas fired steam boilers

Jul-2020

A study to obtain maximum operating efficiency from a set of refinery steam boilers.

Alternative routes to paraxylene production

Apr-2004

An integrated refining and petrochemical approach to paraxylene manufacture from various feedstocks, such as excess aromatics in reformate or pyrolysis ...

Practical flare gas recovery for minimising flaring

Apr-2015

Flares play a critical role as a safety device in refineries, and in most oil and gas producing or processing facilities.

Capture and convert - handling mercaptans in hydrocarbon streams

Dec-2008

With the development of increasingly difficult hydrocarbon streams, mercaptans emerge as a major nuisance. The removal and conversion of mercaptans is ...

Risks of accumulated sulphur in sulphur recovery units

Apr-2014

While recovering sulphur in an SRU depends on condensation of sulphur, its unintended condensation and accumulation can present problems.

Cracking hydrocarbon feedstock with a heavy tail

Mar-2013

The introduction of a vapour/liquid separation step allows for the efficient removal of a heavy tail from the furnace convection section

Tray hydraulic operating regimes and selectivity

Apr-2010

Tray hydraulics is discussed in terms of froth and spray operating regimes, and possible impacts on selectivity are pointed out by reference to performance ...

Chemical analysis in amine system operations

Jul-2013

The array of contaminants that can disrupt the operation of alkanolamine systems needs to be precisely characterised and analysed

Analysis method for determining bound and free alkanolamines in HSS contaminated solutions

Jul-1990

A conductometric titration method has been developed to determine the true available alkanolamine in solutions used for H2S and CO2 removal from refinery ...

Valuable liquids from refinery gases

Oct-2012

With appropriate treatment schemes, refinery off-gases can be valuable sources of olefins and hydrogen

Enhanced sulphur recovery from lean acid gases containing COS and mercaptans

Apr-2010

Claus configurations are available for more effective sulphur recovery from lean acid gas containing significant concentrations of organic sulphur com ...

Novel processing ideas for a condensate refinery

Apr-2016

Synergised unit flow schemes for a condensate refinery aim for high value refined products.

Refinery off-gas in hydrogen production

Apr-2022

An off-gas feed to an SMR unit for hydrogen production is economically and environmentally attractive as long as it is carefully monitored.

COS and mercaptans removal from gases

Apr-2023

Challenges with removing trace sulphur species can be better understood and resolved with a new kinetic model validated by plant data in its ability to ...

Small-scale gas to liquids

Apr-2011

Microchannel reactor technology is on trial for the small-scale production of liquids from stranded gas

Continuous removal of contaminants from amine solutions

Oct-2011

A continuous purification system overcomes amine degradation and the formation of corrosion-promoting heat stable amine salts

Modelling to optimise natural gas dehydration

Apr-2009

Computer modelling can help processors to understand the severity of conditions in molecular sieves used for the dehydration of natural gas

Tail gas scrubber sulphur plant by-pass ability aids emergency shutdowns and startups

Nov-2015

From the European Union to the USA, national and international bodies are putting in place increasingly stringent legislation to limit emissions.

An evaluation of general “rules of thumb” in amine sweetening unit design and operation

Mar-2010

Many “rules of thumb” are widely used in the design and operation of amine sweetening units. These rules have been developed over the years and most ...

A new approach to treating shale gases

Apr-2012

Shale gas can be challenging to treat, but mass transfer rate-based simulation and appropriate tower internals can make it no harder to treat than other ...

Oxygen enriched sulphur recovery

Apr-2015

Revamping its SRU to oxygen enriched operation increased a refiner’s sulphur processing capacity and significantly reduced operating costs.

Acid gas treatment upgrade for Qatargas

Jul-2016

Upgrading acid gas treatment at the world’s largest LNG facility safeguards the plant’s design capacity and its ability to process increasingly sour ...

Amine cleaning in gas treating

Jul-2020

Effective amine cleaning requires a three-step filtration system

Ammonia destruction in the reaction furnace

Nov-2016

A study based on reaction fundamentals aids a comparison of the advantages of one-zone and two-zone SRU reaction furnace design in ammonia destruction ...

Processing NH3 acid gas in a sulphur recovery unit

Apr-2010

The feasability and economics of a two-stage sour water stripper with an SRU for NH3 contents of 25% and higher are discussed

Importance of heat maintenance in sulphur recovery units

Mar-2016

While sulphur recovery in an SRU depends on the condensation and removal of elemental sulphur, its unintended condensation and accumulation can present ...

Simulation of Claus unit performance

Nov-2019

Simulating a sulphur recovery unit using a fundamental approach enables the effects of process changes on a host of performance metrics to be reliably ...

Growth by association

Jul-2020

Associated gas can be an important component of future fuel supplies if new gathering pipelines and tighter regulations come into play.

Trends and developments in gas analysis

Mar-2021

Technical and digital developments are modernising the way gas analysers are built and used.

Shrinking the carbon footprint

Dec-2021

A digital transformation roadmap for green fuel producers

Oxygen enrichment in the petrochemicals industry

Jan-2022

Adding oxygen enrichment to oxidation reactions in the petrochemicals industry offers a reduced carbon footprint, productivity benefits, and cost effi ...

Premature foam-flood in an amine absorber: Part 2

Jan-2022

Troubleshooting and hydraulic analysis identified vapour channelling in fixed valve trays as the root cause of premature foam-flooding in a high pressure ...

Performance of titania based tail gas catalyst at start-up

Apr-2022

Titania supported tail gas catalyst offers a number of operational benefits, particularly for TGTU installations operating with steam reheaters at low ...

The enduring role of natural gas

Jun-2022

Conflict, energy independence goals, and the onus on diversifying the energy industry value chain rely on natural gas to serve as a stable platform during ...

Biogas to biomethane

Nov-2022

Chemical absorption is both technically and economically feasible for biogas upgrading under atmospheric conditions, thereby avoiding the need for com ...

Dryout design considerations for cryogenic gas plants: Part 1

May-2024

A well-conducted cold plant dryout will help plant commissioning and ensure start-up goes smoothly and does not last any longer than necessary.

Kinetic model for TGU hydrogenation reactors: Part 1 model development

Feb-2023

Development of rigorous model for reaction kinetics and catalyst deactivation mechanisms capable of predicting SRU and TGU performance is presented.

Sulphur reduction, sulphur removal, and spent caustic reuse

May-2024

Demand for flexible sulphur recovery solutions is increasing, including wet air oxidation, deep neutralisation, incineration, and processes that need sustainable ...

Gases: identifying hazards and mitigating risks

Feb-2012

Although critical for the operation of refineries and petrochemical plants, industrial gases can be associated with a spectrum of possible hazards and ...

Developments in H2S scavenging

Jun-2018

Advances in the application of triazine scavengers have significantly improved process efficiencies.

Simplifying hydrogen production

Jun-2017

Catalyst systems developed for the purification and reforming sections of the hydrogen plant target significant barriers to efficient production.

Acid gas treatment upgrade for Qatargas

Jul-2016

Upgrading acid gas treatment at the world’s largest LNG facility safeguards the plant’s design capacity and its ability to process increasingly sour ...

Amine cleaning in gas treating

Jul-2020

Effective amine cleaning requires a three-step filtration system

Our desalting rate drops away quickly when we use heavier feeds. What is the problem here?

Feb-2021

Responses to a question in the Q1 2021 issues Q&A Feature

The cost of hydrogen production

Apr-2022

Selecting routes to hydrogen production calls for a balance of environmental impact and cost.

Accuracy of measured lean amine H2S loading

May-2018

When solvent regeneration is done robustly the most accurate assessment of lean loadings can be by simulation rather than by measurement.

Corrosion control in ethylene plants

Apr-2022

Treatment concepts for corrosion control in ethylene production by steam cracking of hydrocarbons

Chemical analysis in amine system operations

Jul-2013

The array of contaminants that can disrupt the operation of alkanolamine systems needs to be precisely characterised and analysed

Integrated design for gas processing

Oct-2016

An integrated approach to designing process line-up delivers a range of economic, process and environmental benefits.