Mercury removal processes

Apr-2013

A careful evaluation of the options for removing mercury from natural gas plant feed and product streams is a prudent exercise

Gases: identifying hazards and mitigating risks

Feb-2012

Although critical for the operation of refineries and petrochemical plants, industrial gases can be associated with a spectrum of possible hazards and ...

Treating high CO2 gases with MDEA

Apr-2009

Using MDEA as a solvent for high levels of CO2 removal requires careful 
process modelling using accurate simulation

Processing NH3 acid gas in a sulphur recovery unit

Apr-2010

The feasability and economics of a two-stage sour water stripper with an SRU for NH3 contents of 25% and higher are discussed

Controlling the dew point of natural gas

Jul-2015

Meeting water and hydrocarbon dew point specifications for natural gas without acid gas components

Using physical solvent in multiple applications

Apr-2012

A physical solvent’s properties and versatility in a variety of flow schemes for energy-efficient gas treating in a range of applications are discus ...

Sour water stripping 
Part 2: phenolic water

Aug-2014

In addition to ammonia, hydrogen sulphide, and carbon dioxide, phenolic sour water may contain a host of so-called heat stable salts (HSSs), hydrogen cyanide, ...

Detecting and dealing with hydrate formation

Apr-2010

A review of cause, detection and treatment of hydrate plug formation in 
gas pipelines. Gas hydrates are solid crystalline compounds, which have a structure ...

Mercury treatment options for natural 
gas plants

Jan-2014

Removing mercury as close as is practicable to the front end of a natural gas processing system is the best choice

Sour water stripping Part 3: waste water treatment

Sep-2014

Mass transfer rate-based simulation is used in a case study to examine two of the important factors that determine the performance of a 2-Stage Chevron ...

Controlling corrosion in amine treatment units

Apr-2011

A range of measures can be taken to minimise corrosion in amine units. The amine unit plays a vital role in the petroleum refining, gas processing, coal ...

Sour water stripping Part 1: non-phenolic water

Aug-2014

Most non-phenolic sour water strippers for removing ammonia and hydrogen sulphide from are built with 30 to 60 trays and are usually designed using equilibrium ...

Conversion of natural 
gas to liquid fuels

Apr-2009

Companies aiming to bring gas to liquids projects to the 
commercial stage have encountered variable success

Solutions for the treatment of highly 
sour gases

Apr-2012

Process technologies for the cost-effective treatment of natural gas with high and ultra-high acid gas content

Alternative routes to paraxylene production

Apr-2004

An integrated refining and petrochemical approach to paraxylene manufacture from various feedstocks, such as excess aromatics in reformate or pyrolysis ...

Controlling the hydrocarbon dew point of pipeline gas

Jul-2017

A key factor in selecting technology to control the hydrocarbon dew point of natural gas is the quantity of heavy hydrocarbons in the feed stream

Removing salts and contaminants in glycol regeneration

Apr-2014

A new process combining candle filters and pressure plate filters enables more glycol to be safely recovered from natural gas than by conventional met ...

Valuable liquids from refinery gases

Oct-2012

With appropriate treatment schemes, refinery off-gases can be valuable sources of olefins and hydrogen

Options for CO2 capture from SMR

Oct-2014

As CO2 capture from steam methane reforming becomes increasingly important, the economics of retrofit for recovery from process gas streams need to be ...

Enhanced sulphur recovery from lean acid gases containing COS and mercaptans

Apr-2010

Claus configurations are available for more effective sulphur recovery from lean acid gas containing significant concentrations of organic sulphur com ...

Advances in amine reclaiming

Feb-2007

Why there is no excuse for operating a dirty amine system. The benefits of reclaiming amine systems are trumpeted by many and doubted by others.

Small-scale gas to liquids

Apr-2011

Microchannel reactor technology is on trial for the small-scale production of liquids from stranded gas

Amine plant corrosion reduced by removal of bicine

Jun-2012

Bicine, an amino acid, has been found in numerous amine gas treating systems including tail gas treating units, certain refinery services, and some natural ...

Control of foaming in amine systems

Sep-2007

Amine solutions foam. Solution foaming causes plant upsets. It is the disengagement or break time that differentiates normal, desirable froth from undesirable ...

Making sense of amine absorber temperature profiles

Apr-2017

Simulation is a powerful tool for ensuring designs are robust, operating conditions are optimal, and troubleshooting can be effectively and efficiently ...

Modelling ethane absorption in 
MEA solution

Jun-2018

Solving foaming problems related to absorption of hydrocarbon and feed contaminants by amine solution.

Minimise amine losses in gas and 
liquid treating

Jun-2018

Even with incomplete information, a systematic approach can be used to identify the source of amine losses and the action needed to reduce them.

Making sense of amine absorber temperature profiles

Apr-2017

Simulation is a powerful tool for ensuring designs are robust, operating conditions are optimal, and troubleshooting can be effectively and efficiently ...

Processing NH3 acid gas in a sulphur recovery unit

Apr-2010

The feasability and economics of a two-stage sour water stripper with an SRU for NH3 contents of 25% and higher are discussed

Gases: identifying hazards and mitigating risks

Feb-2012

Although critical for the operation of refineries and petrochemical plants, industrial gases can be associated with a spectrum of possible hazards and ...

Controlling corrosion in amine treatment units

Apr-2011

A range of measures can be taken to minimise corrosion in amine units. The amine unit plays a vital role in the petroleum refining, gas processing, coal ...

Detecting and dealing with hydrate formation

Apr-2010

A review of cause, detection and treatment of hydrate plug formation in 
gas pipelines. Gas hydrates are solid crystalline compounds, which have a structure ...

Simulation of Claus unit performance

Nov-2019

Simulating a sulphur recovery unit using a fundamental approach enables the effects of process changes on a host of performance metrics to be reliably ...

Importance of heat maintenance in sulphur recovery units

Mar-2016

While sulphur recovery in an SRU depends on the condensation and removal of elemental sulphur, its unintended condensation and accumulation can present ...

Controlling the dew point of natural gas

Jul-2015

Meeting water and hydrocarbon dew point specifications for natural gas without acid gas components

Acid gas treatment upgrade for Qatargas

Jul-2016

Upgrading acid gas treatment at the world’s largest LNG facility safeguards the plant’s design capacity and its ability to process increasingly sour ...

Simplifying hydrogen production

Jun-2017

Catalyst systems developed for the purification and reforming sections of the hydrogen plant target significant barriers to efficient production.

Direct oxidation sulphur recovery process for very lean acid gas applications

Jun-2016

Due to higher demand in desulphurisation and new environmental regulations, Companies need to find robust and efficient technologies while considering ...

Accuracy of measured lean amine 
H2S loading

May-2018

When solvent regeneration is done robustly the most accurate assessment of lean loadings can be by simulation rather than by measurement.

Sour water stripping Part 3: waste water treatment

Sep-2014

Mass transfer rate-based simulation is used in a case study to examine two of the important factors that determine the performance of a 2-Stage Chevron ...

Sour water stripping Part 1: non-phenolic water

Aug-2014

Most non-phenolic sour water strippers for removing ammonia and hydrogen sulphide from are built with 30 to 60 trays and are usually designed using equilibrium ...

The role of tail gas treating unit 
quench towers

Jun-2016

A quench tower cools gas entering a tail gas amine unit but also protects the amine against SO2 breakthrough.

Sour water stripping 
Part 2: phenolic water

Aug-2014

In addition to ammonia, hydrogen sulphide, and carbon dioxide, phenolic sour water may contain a host of so-called heat stable salts (HSSs), hydrogen cyanide, ...

Integrated design for gas processing

Oct-2016

An integrated approach to designing process line-up delivers a range of economic, process and environmental benefits.

Technology selection for a natural gas plant

May-2019

Selecting equipment for a sulphur block requires balancing technical performance and costs, as well as local conditions and regulations.

Making innovative catalysts to trigger a reaction in chemical, gas and refining processes

Aug-2020

When you are creating high-quality petrochemical end products, you must first trigger a reaction.

Forming the catalysts
Creating ...

Novel processing ideas for a 
condensate refinery

Apr-2016

Synergised unit flow schemes for a condensate refinery aim for high value refined products.

Countering hydrate formation in an NGL recovery unit

May-2018

Process modelling can be used to validate data from the plant and identify the most effective approach to process optimisation.

Developments in H2S scavenging

Jun-2018

Advances in the application of triazine scavengers have significantly 
improved process efficiencies.

Mercaptans removal from gases by absorption into amines and caustic

Mar-2014

A mass transfer rate-based model of the absorption process is used to discuss quantitatively the ease and extent of removal of methyl through n-butyl mercaptans ...