Integrated refinery and cracker plant, processing Naphtha, Ethane, Propane, LPG as feed, experiencing high Vinyl Acetylene in their Mixed C4 feed. Severity controlled, however, VA concentration is very high. We are interested in understanding the likely reasons for high Vinyl Acetylene formation? What are the parameter need to be checked to control Vinyl Acetylene concentration? What parameters should be monitored to maximize the throughput of the butadiene unit while limiting Vinyl Acetylene contamination?

Q1. I would like to understand the importance of Diesel feed introduction at 180degC as feed in VGO hydrotreating units before VGO gets replaced with diesel at 260-280degC?

Q2. What is the issue if VGO feed is introduced directly to the VGO hydrotreating reactor at 180degC?

Q3. Where does congealing in VGO units occur and why? It is often seen cold Straight VGO coming from storage tanks maintained at 80 degC flowing freely?

Q1. In Hydrotreating units(Diesel and VGO), why is that Feed introduction is not allowed above 200degC?

Q2. During Normal startup post maintanence work, having H2S in HP loop above 1000ppm, why feed introduction is done at 180degC only, what would be the issue if feed introduction is done at 230 or 240degC and why it is not generally not recommended?

What is needed to significantly increase production of bio-LPG, renewable marine diesel, and bio-aromatic hydrocarbons like BTX?

How can hydroprocessing operators better manage the high heat release during O2 and olefin hydrogenation (for example, when processing lipid feeds)?

Why are some of the world’s best refineries more efficient than some of the world’s newest refineries?

What is needed for large-scale upcycling of plastic waste to valuable chemicals like polyethylene?

How are cross-functional teams achieving operational efficiency and process safety targets?

What areas of expertise are needed to mitigate constraints in plant/facility staffing levels?

How can fractionation upgrades be achieved without expensive metallurgical upgrades?

How can refiners overcome challenges during FCC fast pyrolysis bio-oils (FPBO) co-processing with vacuum gasoil (VGO)?

What are the experiences with refractory corebelts in boilers from the point of boiler maintenance, inspection and servicing?

How to reduce sox emissions from FCC regenerator by changing which operating conditions..? Like Catalyst circulation reduction, combustor temperature reduction, ROT reduction etc.

Regarding visual inspection of Vacuum Distillation Bottom Product of Used Oil Re-refining, the sample appears to be more viscous after heating, and less viscous on cooling! Is there an explanation for that?

I am facing a problem in vibration of control valve controlling atmospheric residue at 10 bar pressure,175 'C temperature and 620-630 m3/hr flow. Instrument team dropped the valve and found internals parts damaged and they explained that the reason of damaging the valve internals due to low opening of 15-16%.

The attended and fixed the valve but same vibrations still coming.

Can anyone explain the exact reason and solution for this?

What potential limitations might arise when attempting to reduce the coke drum pressure to the design values in Delayed Coker Units? Additionally, what types of investments might be necessary if we aim to further decrease the pressure?

How do you manage the pressure in the Fractionator within a Delayed Coker Unit? From what I understand, both the Fractionator and Coke Drum pressures are regulated by the inlet pressure of the Wet Gas Compressor. However, during drum switch operations, significant fluctuations in the Fractionator top pressure make it challenging to maintain stable control. Are there any control strategies or philosophies that could be applied to effectively manage the pressure in the Fractionator and Coke Drum in the Delayed Coker Unit in addition to inlet pressure control of WGC?

 How to prevent fouling in feed/effuent exchanger of sour water stripper unit?

How to decide the turndown of plant during design phase?

There is any safe limit for chlorine for DCU feed?

Our aviation kerosene silver corrosion test is good, but copper corrosion is bad. What is the possible reason for this situation.

What could be done for de-aromatization of uncoverted oil (UCO or off test) from hydrocraker unit? Could hydrotreating be effective or not? In the other words, is it possible to saturate PNA's (which they are in the UCO) by hydrotreating?

Is it feasible to process slack wax in a delayed coker? If so, what are the potential benefits and operational challenges?

How can AI capabilities improve machinery performance challenges?

Can you comment on the shift in FCC product economics beyond 2025?