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Gas treating simulation — a holistic perspective part 3: co2 removal in an LNG plant
May-2013
This is the final article in a three-part series dealing with CO2 removal in a variety of real-world cases in which the behaviour of the gas treating plant ...
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Improvements to tailgas treatment process
Jul-2003
A review of configurations in tailgas treating to achieve 99.9% sulphur recovery with smaller reactors
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Micromachined gas chromatography for gas plants
Apr-2012
Onsite gas chromatography is available to troubleshoot, optimise, debottleneck and help identify energy savings in natural gas plants
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Shale gas feeds petrochemical expansion
Mar-2013
North American ethylene capacity is set to increase significantly with new crackers coming online after 2016, plus higher production of propylene and other ...
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Jan-2017
In 2016, global growth should fall to 3.1% before rising back up to 3.4% in 2017 according to IMF’s latest estimations. Long-term perspectives in industrialised ...
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Optimization and throughput opportunities at PTT PLC’s amine plant
Jun-2015
Removal of CO2 from natural gas is a necessary treating step before cryogenic processing. At the PTT Public Limited Company Gas Processing Plant 5, the ...
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Neutralising amine selection for crude units
Jun-2021
Making a proper selection of neutralising amine chemistry is a challenging task.
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High-purity ethane from wet NGL (TIA)
Jun-2015
Producing high-purity ethane (95+ LV% ethane) in an NGL fractionation plant requires a refrigerated condenser for the deethaniser.
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Clean coal technology for fuel gas
Apr-2009
The high prices of oil and natural gas, coupled with ease of carbon 
capture, favour coal gasification for fuel gas supplies
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Modular construction for harsh climates
Apr-2015
Severe Arctic conditions were overcome by the construction of small scale gas processing units in prefabricated modules.
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Compact modular sulphur recovery solutions
Oct-2017
Prosernat has been awarded a contract for the delivery of modular Sulphur Recovery Units (SRUs) for an Early Production Facility (EPF) project in Middle ...
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Contaminants and their effects on operations
May-2003
You can have better operating amine and glycol systems, gas processing plants encounter a variety of operational problems in their amine and glycol un ...
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Feed conditioning technologies for gas processing plants
Jan-2019
Recent contactor developments remove soluble gas phase contaminants from the feed gas stream.
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Integrated design for gas processing
Oct-2016
An integrated approach to designing process line-up delivers a range of economic, process and environmental benefits.
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Unlocking the potential of existing gas processing assets through solvent swaps
Aug-2017
Given the global challenges of investing in new gas-processing capital projects, unlocking the potential of existing operating facilities through selective ...
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Modular sulphur plant has high recovery rate (TIA)
May-2017
The early production facilities (EPF) for Kuwait’s Jurassic gas field involved the treatment of fairly sour feed gas streams with, for each EPF phase, ...
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Mitigating corrosion in sweet gas units: a comparison between laboratory data and field survey
Feb-2014
An extensive review of acid gas removal units covering 5 decades and more than 120 amine units showed that units treating sweet gases (i.e. with CO2 only) ...
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Trends and developments in gas analysis
Mar-2021
Technical and digital developments are modernising the way gas analysers are built and used.
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Oct-2015
Financial and operating performance in gas processing depends on full integration of automation and process technologies.
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Gas analysis in petrochemical production
Jun-2020
Accurate gas analysis is critical in the production of PTA. Purified terephthalic acid (PTA) is, together with ethylene glycol, a key component in the ...
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Analysis of hydrate conditions and property predictions in acid gas injection systems
Oct-2009
This paper will focus on the hydrate formation conditions for acid gas mixtures commonly found in acid gas injection systems. Many studies have analysed ...
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The unconventional gas revolution
May-2014
Natural gas has proven to be a clean burning, flexible fuel which has gained global acceptance as a preferred choice in the energy fuel mix.
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Steady-state simulators are developing a dynamic personality
Mar-2006
Process simulators have been used for years to design and model actual operation of all types of different plant processes.
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Upgrading sulphur removal performance
Oct-2016
Reverse jet scrubbing enabled a refinery to bypass its upstream tail gas unit while still meeting sulphur removal targets
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Heat transfer systems in gas processing
Apr-2015
There are many aspects other than temperature to consider when selecting a high temperature heat transfer fluid for gas processing.
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Shale gas feeds petrochemical expansion
Mar-2013
North American ethylene capacity is set to increase significantly with new crackers coming online after 2016, plus higher production of propylene and other ...
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Solubility of hydrocarbons and light ends in amines
Apr-2013
Modelling procedures predict with considerable certainty what the expected hydrocarbon content of an amine solution in a gas processing plant ought to ...
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Surfactant-stabilised emulsions in amine units for LPG treating
Mar-2018
Emulsion formation by surfactants is one of the most complex problems facing amine units treating refinery LPG.
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Feb-2007
Why there is no excuse for operating a dirty amine system. The benefits of reclaiming amine systems are trumpeted by many and doubted by others.
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Analysis method for determining bound and free alkanolamines in HSS contaminated solutions
Jul-1990
A conductometric titration method has been developed to determine the true available alkanolamine in solutions used for H2S and CO2 removal from refinery ...
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Improvements to tailgas treatment process
Jul-2003
A review of configurations in tailgas treating to achieve 99.9% sulphur recovery with smaller reactors
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May-2008
The Shell Claus Offgas Treating (SCOT) process has been developed to remove sulphur compounds from Claus tail gas to comply with even more stringent emission ...
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Modular design of smaller-scale GTL plants
Jan-2013
Modularisation is opening up opportunities for GTL plants to monetise small-scale natural gas deposits both on- and offshore
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Tackling tighter emissions rules
Jun-2016
A review of the options to raise sulphur emissions performance to meet China’s tightening regulations.
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A new approach to treating shale gases
Apr-2012
Shale gas can be challenging to treat, but mass transfer rate-based simulation and appropriate tower internals can make it no harder to treat than other ...
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Tail gas scrubber sulphur plant by-pass ability aids emergency shutdowns and startups
Nov-2015
From the European Union to the USA, national and international bodies are putting in place increasingly stringent legislation to limit emissions.
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Proper interpretation of freezing and hydrate prediction results from process simulation
Mar-2006
This paper focuses on the modelling of solid phase behaviour in systems that are frequently encountered in natural gas processing. The ability to perform ...
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Mar-2007
In amine sweetening units, the heat of absorption and VOC and BTEX solubility have been found to vary significantly with acid gas loading, as well as with ...
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Composition variety complicates processing plans for US shale gas
Oct-2008
This article reviews which gas processing technologies are appropriate for the variety of US shale gas qualities being produced and planned to be prod ...
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Selecting gas treating technologies
Apr-2009
Advances in gas treatment technologies over the past ten to 20 years have widened the range of economically recoverable gas sources
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Catalytic oxygen removal from coal mine methane
Apr-2009
A catalytic combustion process for oxygen removal enables maximum production of sales gas from an unconventional source of methane
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An evaluation of general “rules of thumb” in amine sweetening unit design and operation
Mar-2010
Many “rules of thumb” are widely used in the design and operation of amine sweetening units. These rules have been developed over the years and most ...
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Tray hydraulic operating regimes 
and selectivity
Apr-2010
Tray hydraulics is discussed in terms of froth and spray operating regimes, and possible impacts on selectivity are pointed out by reference to performance ...
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Micromachined gas chromatography for gas plants
Apr-2012
Onsite gas chromatography is available to troubleshoot, optimise, debottleneck and help identify energy savings in natural gas plants
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As cold as ice, liquefying LNG beyond the arctic circle
Aug-2013
Building a low-carbon economy is one of the great challenges of our time. In order to protect the climate, the world needs clean energy and natural gas ...
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Mitigating corrosion in sweet gas units: a comparison between laboratory data and field survey
Feb-2014
An extensive review of acid gas removal units covering 5 decades and more than 120 amine units showed that units treating sweet gases (i.e. with CO2 only) ...
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Structured packing in a CO2 absorber
Oct-2014
Solvent regeneration is the biggest energy consumer in an amine treating unit but efforts to minimise energy consumption should be made cautiously
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Reflux in a gas dehydration plant
Oct-2014
Gas dehydration by adsorbent processes may lead to the damaging regeneration reflux phenomenon during adsorbent regeneration
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Monetise off-gases for low cost ammonia
Jan-2015
Cheaper ethane supplies present an opportunity for ammonia production using cracker off-gases
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Dealing with depleting sour gas reserves: Part 1
Jul-2015
Depletion of sour gas production in western Canada means that gas plants will have to evaluate their sulphur recovery units for future turndown operat ...
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Oxygen enriched sulphur recovery
Apr-2015
Revamping its SRU to oxygen enriched operation increased a refiner’s sulphur processing capacity and significantly reduced operating costs.
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Acid gas treatment for giant LNG plant (TIA)
Apr-2015
Prosernat, an engineering company and licensor of Total’s amine based technology portfolio, AdvAmine, has announced the successful start-up of a major ...
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New wave sulphur recovery in Mexico (TIA)
Apr-2015
Pemex has successfully started up a SmartSulf unit treating amine acid gas and sour water stripper gas at a refinery in Salamanca, Mexico.
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Oxygen enrichment and tube sheet protection (TIA)
Apr-2015
In sulphur recovery units (SRU), adequate protection of the waste heat boiler (WHB) tube sheet is needed. Many protection systems have failed either due ...
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Gas injection for shale gas recovery
Apr-2015
Injection of CO2 or N2 is a more effective approach than conventional water and sand fracturing to increase oil and gas production from tight or water ...
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LO-CAT: a flexible hydrogen sulphide removal process
Feb-2015
The hydrocarbon engineering industry faces tighter restrictions for hydrogen sulphide (H2S) emissions and expanding requirements for sulphur recovery. ...
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Monetise off-gases for low cost ammonia
Jan-2015
Cheaper ethane supplies present an opportunity for ammonia production using cracker off-gases
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Tail gas catalyst performance: part 2
Dec-2014
The second part of a two-part account of time and temperature effects on tail gas catalyst performance gives a background to reaction modelling and pilot ...
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Less is more: how a dividing wall column maximises LPG recovery
Oct-2014
Maximising LPG recovery from fuel gas using a dividing wall column. Refiners have a challenge to recover LPG from mixed fuel gas streams due to the difficulty ...
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Reflux in a gas dehydration plant
Oct-2014
Gas dehydration by adsorbent processes may lead to the damaging regeneration reflux phenomenon during adsorbent regeneration
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Structured packing in a CO2 absorber
Oct-2014
Solvent regeneration is the biggest energy consumer in an amine treating unit but efforts to minimise energy consumption should be made cautiously
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Options for CO2 capture from SMR
Oct-2014
As CO2 capture from steam methane reforming becomes increasingly important, the economics of retrofit for recovery from process gas streams need to be ...
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How to select best meg recovery unit’s configuration?
Sep-2014
The formation of hydrates in deep sea natural gas tie-back lines had been traditionally inhibited by injecting Triethylene Glycol (TEG) or Methanol at ...
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Tail gas catalyst performance: part 1
Jul-2014
The first part of a two-part account of time and temperature effects on tail gas catalyst performance provides a background to reaction modelling and pilot ...
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Predicting corrosion rates in amine and sour water systems
May-2014
A chemistry-based predictive model predicts corrosion rates in specific processing conditions. Corrosion is a ubiquitous problem in gas treating in the ...
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The unconventional gas revolution
May-2014
Natural gas has proven to be a clean burning, flexible fuel which has gained global acceptance as a preferred choice in the energy fuel mix.
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Gasoline production in the age of shale oil, renewable fuel mandates, and tier 3 regulations
Apr-2014
The North American shale oil production surge has provided North American refiners with a seemingly bounty of high quality crudes.
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Risks of accumulated sulphur in sulphur recovery units
Apr-2014
While recovering sulphur in an SRU depends on condensation of sulphur, its unintended condensation and accumulation can present problems.
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Removing salts and contaminants in glycol regeneration
Apr-2014
A new process combining candle filters and pressure plate filters enables more glycol to be safely recovered from natural gas than by conventional met ...
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Mitigating corrosion in sweet gas units: a comparison between laboratory data and field survey
Feb-2014
An extensive review of acid gas removal units covering 5 decades and more than 120 amine units showed that units treating sweet gases (i.e. with CO2 only) ...
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Mercury treatment options for natural 
gas plants
Jan-2014
Removing mercury as close as is practicable to the front end of a natural gas processing system is the best choice
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Extending the treatment of highly sour gases: cryogenic distillation
Jan-2014
Cryogenic bulk removal of H2S or CO2 offers an economic advantage when the separated acid gases from super sour gas are re-injected
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There are more roads that lead to Rome. Which is the best route for you?
Dec-2013
In our modern society the need for energy is still increasing in a rapid pace, with expectations that hydrocarbon fuels production will have to almost ...
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Sulphur recovery from lean 
sour gas streams
Nov-2013
Gas streams are often treated with amine or membrane systems to meet specifications before the gas can be sent to a pipeline or used in a fuel gas system. ...
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Extending the treatment of highly sour gases: part 1
Oct-2013
The removal of acid gas components from highly or super-sour gases requires the optimum choice of process