ARTICLES
-
New wave sulphur recovery in Mexico (TIA)
Apr-2015
Pemex has successfully started up a SmartSulf unit treating amine acid gas and sour water stripper gas at a refinery in Salamanca, Mexico.
-
There are more roads that lead to Rome. Which is the best route for you?
Dec-2013
In our modern society the need for energy is still increasing in a rapid pace, with expectations that hydrocarbon fuels production will have to almost ...
-
Meeting emission targets with potential savings
Nov-2017
New solvent and catalyst technologies deliver a step change in tail gas treating performance for green- and brownfield sites.
-
Economic treatment options for effluent caustics
Apr-2001
The authors describe how selective application of technologies involving partial oxidation, total oxidation and deep neutralisation could add value to ...
-
Simulation of Claus unit performance
Nov-2019
Simulating a sulphur recovery unit using a fundamental approach enables the effects of process changes on a host of performance metrics to be reliably ...
-
Moving targets: how ever changing air quality regulations are driving process decisions
Jun-2015
Historically, the concern of process engineers was the design and operation of plants to do primarily one thing, efficiently meet product specifications. ...
-
Revamping an air separation unit
Nov-2019
Revamp of a high pressure column with structured packing, reducing operating costs and avoiding discharging finished products to atmosphere.
-
Stahl Columns: An alternative to molecular sieves?
Jun-2022
Case study and independent cost estimations lay out what may someday become the standard way to achieve deep dehydration of produced gas streams.
-
Mitigating overhead corrosion and reducing downstream costs
Jan-2022
A combination of onstream measurements, closed-loop control, and corrosion measurement enabled significant reductions in caustic addition rates and FCC ...
-
Jul-2020
Expanding the capacity of sulphur recovery and tail gas units requires a thorough review of all plant systems.
-
Feb-2021
Responses to a question in the Q1 2021 issues Q&A Feature
-
Oxygen for mega GTL and CTL plants - Cutting-edge multi-train solutions
Jun-2017
Conversion processes such as coal to liquids (CTL) and gas to liquids (GTL) require vast amounts of oxygen. More than can be provided by one plant alone. ...
-
Claus waste heat boiler economics Part 2: mechanical considerations
May-2019
The design of a cost effective waste heat boiler faces many, often opposing factors affecting the performance and reliability of the exchanger.
-
Steam ring redesign improves FCC bottoms stability
Apr-2022
Installing a newly designed steam ring in a main fractionator stabilised fluctuations in the flash point of FCC bottoms
-
Final countdown for mega project - Gas supply for Sadara complex
Jun-2017
A project to break all records, the petrochemical mega complex in Al Jubail, Saudi Arabia, involved shifting 35 million cubic metres of sand, earth and ...
-
Economical structural design of natural gas processing plants
Jun-2022
Case study of a butane treatment unit illustrates effective structural design procedures and highlights construction challenges encountered in new and ...
-
Spent caustic treatment and reuse
Sep-2023
Advances in environmentally friendly technologies, such as spent caustic treatment technologies, are key to the industry’s transition towards environmental ...
-
Revamp of a methanol wash column
Jun-2022
Installation of high performance trays and internals enabled a successful revamp for a syngas purification process.
-
Feb-2021
Responses to a question in the Q1 2021 issues Q&A feature
-
Making innovative catalysts to trigger a reaction in chemical, gas and refining processes
Aug-2020
When you are creating high-quality petrochemical end products, you must first trigger a reaction.
-
Avoid sulphur measurement bias from particulate settling in crude oil
Oct-2017
Petra MAX™ delivers advanced D4294 sulphur analysis in addition to 12 elements from P to Zn including Ni, V, and Fe.
-
Ceramic coating application in a refinery steam methane reformer furnace
Jun-2022
Increase an SMR’s thermal efficiency by applying a high emissivity ceramic coating on the furnace box walls.
-
Laser based analysis for thermal incinerators
Nov-2019
An analyser design based on a tunable diode laser aims for more reliable and cost-effective combustion measurement in sulphur removal operations
-
Jun-2018
The natural gas industry has some way to go to make its full contribution to climate change targets.
-
Amine purification system to increase crude processing
Jul-2002
Bringing amine system contaminants down to low levels has reduced operational problems.Refiners experience increased throughput of sour crude by continuously ...
-
Using process simulators will make your plant more productive and efficient
Mar-2005
The use of process simulators to model plant operations can provide a plant hundreds of thousands of dollars each year in increased production and lower ...
-
Hydrocarbon removal from amines demonstrated experience
Mar-2006
Bringing amine system contaminants down to low levels has reduced operational problems. Several large operating facilities are now using the latest technology ...
-
Steady-state simulators are developing a dynamic personality
Mar-2006
Process simulators have been used for years to design and model actual operation of all types of different plant processes.
-
Troubleshooting a refinery fuel gas treater
Oct-2006
The effect of solvent contaminants on treating plant performance and the importance of basing simulations on actual solvent analyses are shown through ...
-
Troubleshooting amine plants 
using mass transfer rate-based simulation tools
Feb-2007
Computer simulation models are indispensable tools for designing and troubleshooting amine gas treating plants. These models, especially ones based on ...
-
Identifying very small 
equipment leaks
Jan-2008
Very small leaks in feed/effluent exchangers can be identified using chemical tracing. This online technique can detect leaks as low as 5.0 ppm, avoiding ...
-
Analysis of hydrate conditions and property predictions in acid gas injection systems
Oct-2009
This paper will focus on the hydrate formation conditions for acid gas mixtures commonly found in acid gas injection systems. Many studies have analysed ...
-
Enhanced sulphur recovery from lean acid gases containing COS and mercaptans
Apr-2010
Claus configurations are available for more effective sulphur recovery from lean acid gas containing significant concentrations of organic sulphur com ...
-
An optimum line-up for sour gas processing
Apr-2010
Analysis of technical, economic and licensing considerations in the selection of an optimum gas treating line-up recommends a choice of technologies
-
Designing trays for selective gas treating
Oct-2010
Field data from eight gas treating plants show how tray design parameters can be selected to improve contactor performances
-
Enhanced sulphur recovery from lean acid gases
Apr-2011
A preferred acid gas enrichment scheme is combined with two gas-treating schemes to examine the lifecycle cost of a sour natural gas treatment facilit ...
-
GTL adds value to gas production
Apr-2012
Distributed GTL plants could provide economic monetisation of shale gas, associated gas and stranded gas
-
Choosing tower internals for LNG, shale gas and tail gas treating
Mar-2013
It is well known that for best performance, tail gas treating requires the utmost in selectivity. Shale gas often contains a small amount of H2S in a much ...
-
Reducing emission treatment costs for gas processors
Mar-2013
Regenerative thermal oxidising abatement technology is effective in amine tail gas treatment operations due to energy-efficient operation and reliabil ...
-
There are more roads that lead to Rome. Which is the best route for you?
Dec-2013
In our modern society the need for energy is still increasing in a rapid pace, with expectations that hydrocarbon fuels production will have to almost ...
-
Oxygen enrichment and tube sheet protection (TIA)
Apr-2015
In sulphur recovery units (SRU), adequate protection of the waste heat boiler (WHB) tube sheet is needed. Many protection systems have failed either due ...
-
New wave sulphur recovery in Mexico (TIA)
Apr-2015
Pemex has successfully started up a SmartSulf unit treating amine acid gas and sour water stripper gas at a refinery in Salamanca, Mexico.
-
Acid gas treatment for giant LNG plant (TIA)
Apr-2015
Prosernat, an engineering company and licensor of Total’s amine based technology portfolio, AdvAmine, has announced the successful start-up of a major ...
-
Moving targets: how ever changing air quality regulations are driving process decisions
Jun-2015
Historically, the concern of process engineers was the design and operation of plants to do primarily one thing, efficiently meet product specifications. ...
-
New developments in acid gas removal
Jun-2015
One of the challenges when designing a natural gas treatment plant is to optimize the combination of the acid gas removal (AGR) unit and the sulphur recovery ...
-
High-purity ethane from wet NGL (TIA)
Jun-2015
Producing high-purity ethane (95+ LV% ethane) in an NGL fractionation plant requires a refrigerated condenser for the deethaniser.
-
Dealing with depleting sour gas reserves Part 2
Oct-2015
Gas plants in western Canada will have to evaluate their sulphur recovery units for future turndown operation as sour gas production falls.
-
Optimization of an existing Habshan II amine sweetening unit
Jul-2016
As part of its ongoing optimisation effort, Abu Dhabi Gas Industries (GASCO) is working with the Petroleum Institute (PI) and Bryan Research and Engineering ...
-
How can waves significantly impact the performance of an amine unit installed on a FLNG?
Oct-2016
Among the challenges to overcome and complete successfully a FLNG project, the design of the acid gas removal unit might be of great importance: the experts ...
-
Combating the threat of mercury
Mar-2012
Emerging legally binding action on mercury emissions highlights the importance of monitoring and quantifying emissions from gas operations
-
Gases: identifying hazards and mitigating risks
Feb-2012
Although critical for the operation of refineries and petrochemical plants, industrial gases can be associated with a spectrum of possible hazards and ...
-
Continuous removal of contaminants from amine solutions
Oct-2011
A continuous purification system overcomes amine degradation and the formation of corrosion-promoting heat stable amine salts
-
Sour water: where it comes from and how to handle it
Sep-2011
Sour water strippers are common in gas processing facilities, sulphur recovery units, wellhead facilities, and refinery applications. Understanding the ...
-
Dividing wall column technology as a way of removing benzene from refinery gasoline streams
May-2011
The primary separation method in the petrochemical industry is distillation, or fractionation, which is an energy-intensive process.
-
Apr-2011
Fibre optic distributed temperature sensing has several advantages over conventional real-time data sensors in cryogenic leak detection at LNG termina ...
-
Enhanced sulphur recovery from lean acid gases
Apr-2011
A preferred acid gas enrichment scheme is combined with two gas-treating schemes to examine the lifecycle cost of a sour natural gas treatment facilit ...
-
Glycol dehydration of high-acid gas streams
Apr-2011
A model based on mass and heat transfer closely predicts plant performance data for glycol dehydration of high-acid gas streams
-
Estimating gas hydrate inhibitor loss: 
a case study
Apr-2011
A predictive tool is used to understand and predict the loss of methanol during natural gas hydrate inhibition
-
Controlling corrosion in amine treatment units
Apr-2011
A range of measures can be taken to minimise corrosion in amine units. The amine unit plays a vital role in the petroleum refining, gas processing, coal ...
-
A promoter for selective H2S 
removal: part I
Apr-2011
A new MDEA promoter achieves very low H2S lean loadings and the option for flexible design of acid gas enrichment units by varying absorber heights
-
A promoter for selective H2S removal: part II
Apr-2011
Refinery trials of an MDEA promoter demonstrate low H2S lean loadings and the option for enhanced process stability during high-sulphur operation
-
Apr-2011
Microchannel reactor technology is on trial for the small-scale production of liquids from stranded gas
-
Designing trays for selective gas treating
Oct-2010
Field data from eight gas treating plants show how tray design parameters can be selected to improve contactor performances
-
Better alkanolamine system operations through chemical analysis
Sep-2010
You can have better operating amine and glycol systems. An alkanolamine acid gas scrubbing system is an elegantly simple concept.
-
Tray hydraulic operating regimes 
and selectivity
Apr-2010
Tray hydraulics is discussed in terms of froth and spray operating regimes, and possible impacts on selectivity are pointed out by reference to performance ...
-
An optimum line-up for sour gas processing
Apr-2010
Analysis of technical, economic and licensing considerations in the selection of an optimum gas treating line-up recommends a choice of technologies
-
Enhanced sulphur recovery from lean acid gases containing COS and mercaptans
Apr-2010
Claus configurations are available for more effective sulphur recovery from lean acid gas containing significant concentrations of organic sulphur com ...
-
Detecting and dealing with hydrate formation
Apr-2010
A review of cause, detection and treatment of hydrate plug formation in 
gas pipelines. Gas hydrates are solid crystalline compounds, which have ...
-
Processing NH3 acid gas in a sulphur recovery unit
Apr-2010
The feasability and economics of a two-stage sour water stripper with an SRU for NH3 contents of 25% and higher are discussed
-
An evaluation of general “rules of thumb” in amine sweetening unit design and operation
Mar-2010
Many “rules of thumb” are widely used in the design and operation of amine sweetening units. These rules have been developed over the years and most ...
-
Analysis of hydrate conditions and property predictions in acid gas injection systems
Oct-2009
This paper will focus on the hydrate formation conditions for acid gas mixtures commonly found in acid gas injection systems. Many studies have analysed ...
-
Jul-2009
As the process industry contemplates future availability of hydrocarbon feedstocks, shale gas could provide an added option to its mix of sources
-
Conversion of natural 
gas to liquid fuels
Apr-2009
Companies aiming to bring gas to liquids projects to the 
commercial stage have encountered variable success
-
Strategies for gas treatment with adsorbents
Apr-2009
Advances in regenerable, solid-bed adsorption processes for natural gas dehydration and treating can improve selectivity and cut input energy costs
-
Dryout design considerations for cryogenic gas plants: Part 1
May-2024
(White Paper) - A well-conducted cold plant dryout will help plant commissioning and ensure start-up goes smoothly and does not last any longer than necessary.
-
Sulphur reduction, sulphur removal, and spent caustic reuse
May-2024
(White Paper) - Demand for flexible sulphur recovery solutions is increasing, including wet air oxidation, deep neutralisation, incineration, and processes ...
-
Oil and gas water treatment applications
-
Book your tickets today!
-
Watlow’s thermal systems optimize your refinery
-
Innovative Measurement Technologies
-
FCC Catalysts and Additives
-
ITW technologies online cleaning
-
Bottom of the barrel upgrading
-
Operational Performance Improvement
-
Why custom catalysts?
-
Process catalysts
SPONSORS