Methanol from CO2: a technology and outlook overview

Apr-2023

Optimal capture of CO2 towards methanol production compels development of sustainable renewable solutions like green methanol.

Optimising sweep gas flow in a flare header

Oct-2012

How to calculate the minimum flow of flare header sweep gas needed to maintain safe conditions

Crude oil vapour pressure testing

Jan-2012

Vapour pressure testing is an important safety check in the transport, storage and blending of crude oil

The design temperature of flare systems

Apr-2017

A key objective when setting flare system design conditions is to maintain the integrity of the system during fire relief

Optimising pumparound reflux for zero-cost energy savings

Apr-2012

By increasing pumparound ratios in principal units, refinery engineers were able to recover energy for process heating and reduce stack emissions

Ambient conditions impact CO and NOx emissions: part II

Jul-2009

Effects of air temperature and humidity on burner NOx emissions are discussed, including considerations for factoring in these effects

Controlling CO boilers

Jul-2011

UOP Callidus supplies and installs complete systems and various subsystem components for CO boilers and other FCC related ancillary equipment.

HCN emissions in fluid catalytic cracking

Apr-2013

Increased attention to refinery emissions of hydrogen cyanide requires detailed understanding of its formation and conversion in the FCC regenerator

Ambient conditions impact CO and NOx emissions: part I

Apr-2009

Changing ambient conditions can impact CO and NOx emissions without proper process adjustments. A wide range of operating conditions show how these emissions ...

Detection of VOCs demands continuous innovation in calibration gases

Oct-2011

With an ever-increasing number of processing plants coming on stream worldwide to keep up with the burgeoning petrochemical industry, the focus on the ...

Abatement of hydrogen sulphide in asphalt

Jan-2012

Risks of exposure at asphalt loading platforms require reliable monitoring of H2S levels and a programme of abatement using effective chemical scaveng ...

Dynamics of operation for flare systems

Apr-2014

Detailed studies of problems with flaring performance led a refinery to define and implement a scheme for optimum flare performance

The hazards of fired heater flooding

Nov-2020

Heater flooding is a serious and potentially dangerous condition which must be dealt with properly and quickly.

Practical hydrocarbon dew point specification for natural gas transmission lines

Mar-2011

Hydrocarbon liquid dropout can cause a number of problems in gas transmission lines, including increased pressure drop, reduced line capacity and equipment ...

Wet scrubbing-based NOx control using LoTOx technology - first commercial FCC start-up

Sep-2007

Wet scrubbing based NOx control had been successfully applied to various industries for several years. Refineries, however, had not used such an approach ...

Fifty years of CCR platforming

Jan-2021

Professionals in the oil and gas industry today may not remember when gasoline was sold in multiple grades that included fuels containing tetraethyl l ...

Sulphur tail gas thermal oxidiser systems

Dec-2008

SRUs (sulphur recovery units) in refineries and gas plants remove sulphur compounds from sulphur containing fuel gases and from natural gas and crude oil ...

Amine plant corrosion reduced by removal of bicine

Jun-2012

Bicine, an amino acid, has been found in numerous amine gas treating systems including tail gas treating units, certain refinery services, and some natural ...

Reducing hydrocarbons in SWS acid gas

Oct-2016

Measures to minimise the level of hydrocarbons in sour water and thereby protect the efficiency of the sulphur plant.

Capture and convert - handling mercaptans in hydrocarbon streams

Dec-2008

With the development of increasingly difficult hydrocarbon streams, mercaptans emerge as a major nuisance. The removal and conversion of mercaptans is ...

New flare technology utilising low pressure steam

Sep-2009

The American Petroleum Institute defines a flare to be a “device or system used to safely dispose of relief fluids in an environmentally compliant manner ...

Future of opportunity crudes processing

Oct-2011

Five critical drivers help refiners remain profitable and sustain long-term business goals while processing relatively inexpensive, low-quality crudes

Practical flare gas recovery for minimising flaring

Apr-2015

Flares play a critical role as a safety device in refineries, and in most oil and gas producing or processing facilities.

Reducing gasoline sulphur with additives

Apr-2004

Evolution of regulations in an era of limited capital has led to the development of catalyst additive technologies to reduce FCC gasoline sulphur

FCC flue gas scrubber alternatives: part I

Jul-2009

The merits of combining additives and barrier filters as a cost-effective and highly efficient way of meeting SOx, NOx and particulate matter emissions ...

Energy management and sustainability of the downstream industry

Jun-2022

Energy management must feature in any strategy in the downstream industry for both environmental impact and economic competitiveness.

The role of biofuels in the energy transition

Apr-2022

Overcoming the challenges of coprocessing renewables.

CCS from refinery emissions: CO2 purity must be analysed and controlled

Jun-2020

One of the most promising measures to decarbonise refinery operations is carbon capture and storage (CCS) from existing combustion processes, such as process ...

IMO 2020 - Maritime CEMS and refinery changes

May-2020

For several years, the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) has stipulated low levels of sulphur emissions close to densely populated coastal areas, ...

Environmental monitoring and management in the downstream oil and gas sector

Apr-2020

Keeping it clean, keeping it green. Ground water, rain water run-off and effluent. Contaminated soil replacement in spillage areas, excavated soil disposal ...

Crude to chemicals: Part 1 - The basic concept of crudes

Nov-2023

Reactor platforms with novel heat integration designed around advanced separation techniques and catalyst systems achieve 75% yields from selected cru ...

The potential to reduce CO2 emissions in fired heaters is unlimited if 100% hydrogen fuel is utilised

Jul-2023

Using hydrogen in fuel to eliminate CO2 emissions in fired heaters.

Hydrogen recovery from refinery off-gas – Part 1: An overview

May-2024

Using next-generation hydrogen separation membranes to recover unused hydrogen wherever possible.

Navigating environmental complexities at pace

Nov-2022

Revamping existing hydrogen plants can provide a significant and lasting impact on reducing greenhouse gas emissions towards net zero.

Rejuvenated catalysts optimise refinery margins in high severity ULSD applications

Jun-2022

Rejuvenated catalysts compare well with fresh catalysts for performance in high pressure ULSD applications with added cost savings.

Carbon capture with least opex and capex

Jan-2022

Recommendations on how to optimise the mass and heat balance of the process and equipment designs of a typical post-combustion CO2 capture unit.

Refinery protection with gas detection

Apr-2020

Based on several recent M&A transaction valuations it is fair to say that the price tag of a medium-sized, medium-complexity refinery in Europe is in the ...

Achieving 95% direct CO2 reduction for hydrogen plants

Jun-2022

Decarbonisation solutions targeting existing refinery hydrogen plants enable refiners to achieve long-term CO2 capture while minimising site space requirements ...

Reducing NOx emissions from an FCC unit (TIA)

Aug-2018

Refinery processes account for a considerable share of the overall emissions of air pollutants in Europe. The Industrial Emissions Directive (IED) is the ...

Waste recycling: an opportunity for refiners?

Aug-2020

The Circular Economy has been established as the number one priority in the European Green Deal and innovative recycling technologies are helping refiners ...

Detection of VOCs demands continuous innovation in calibration gases

Oct-2011

With an ever-increasing number of processing plants coming on stream worldwide to keep up with the burgeoning petrochemical industry, the focus on the ...

Capturing carbon dioxide from refinery streams

Aug-2020

Using hydrogen manufacturing units to demonstrate the relative benefits of technologies for capturing carbon from low and high pressure streams.

Catalyst switch solves NOx removal issues

Jun-2021

Changing to a corrugated honeycomb design from a pellet type for catalytic NOx reduction of a furnace’s flue gas stream overcame a series of operational ...

Acid gas fired reheater control

Jun-2021

Operating as close as possible to the stoichiometric air-to-fuel ratio is advised for acid gas fired reheaters.

Optimising hydrotreating catalyst reuse with Excel rejuvenation technology (ERTC)

Dec-2021

The refining industry is currently under pressure to optimise profit margins in challenging financial conditions while adapting to a changing global climate ...

Stationing an operator at a pressure safety valve bypass

Aug-2022

Caution is recommended before stationing an operator at the PSV bypass for overpressure protection.

Co-processing renewables in a hydrocracker

Mar-2023

Understanding and controlling the impact on catalyst performance, yields, and product properties is key to renewables co-processing in hydrocracking u ...

Thoughts about leadership in the energy transition times (ERTC 2023)

Nov-2023

Amidst the dynamic canvas of the energy transition, the beacon of effective leadership shines ever brighter, illuminating the path through challenges toward ...

Improved SOx reduction in partial burn FCC

Nov-2021

Refinery applications of a new additive demonstrate improved SOx reduction performance in partial burn FCC operation

Challenges with carbon disulphide removal in petrochemical naphtha

Aug-2022

Meeting new specifications for removing carbon disulphide in petrochemical naphtha using dividing wall column technology.